Great Beginnings in Pre-School Math

Early development of number concepts is critical in developing positive attitudes about mathematics at an early age. Special methods and activities will assist children to develop early numeracy skills. These methods will need to include the use of motivating and engaging concrete materials that children can manipulate. Young children need to experience a lot of doing and saying before written numerals will make sense to them. As early as two years of age, many children will parrot the words one, two, three, four, five, etc. However, rarely do they understand that the number refers to an item or a set of items. At this stage, children do not have number conservation or number correspondence. How You Can Help Your Child Engaging children with a variety of measurement concepts is a great start. For instance, children enjoy telling us that they are bigger than their sister or brother or taller than the lamp or that they are higher than the dishwasher. Young children will also think that they have more in their cup simply because their cup is taller. This type of language needs to be promoted and children need parental guidance to help with the misconceptions of these concepts through experimentation. Having these conversations at bath time is a great option. Try introducing and using a variety of plastic cylinders, cups, and containers in the bathtub with your child. At this age, perception is the childs guide, they do not have any other strategies to guide them in determining which has more or less, is heavier or lighter, is bigger or smaller, etc. A parent or daycare provider can provide great learning experiences to assist young childrens misconceptions through play. Classification is a pre-number concept that children need lots of experimentation and communication with. We classify on a regular basis without even considering what were actually doing. We look in indexes that are alphabetized or numerically arranged, we purchase groceries in areas of food groups, we classify to sort laundry, we sort our silverware before putting it away. Children can benefit from a variety of classification activities which will also support early numeracy concepts. Classification Activities Use blocks to engage young children to repeat the patterns... blue, green, orange, etc.Ask young children to sort the silverware or the laundry based on color.Use shapes to encourage children to determine what comes next... triangle, square, circle, triangle, etc.Ask children to think of everything they can write with, ride on, that swims, that flies, etc.Ask children how many items in the living room are square or round or heavy, etc.Ask them to tell you how many things are made of wood, plastic, metal, etc.Extend classification activities to include more than one attribute (heavy and small, or square and smooth etc.) Before Children Count Children need to match sets before they will understand number conservation and that counting is actually referring to sets of items. Children are guided by their perceptions. As a result, a child may think that there are more grapefruits than lemons in a pile due to the actual size of the piles and fruit. You will need to do one to one matching activities with young children to help them develop conservation of number. The child will move one lemon and you can move the grapefruit. Repeat the process so that the child can see the number of fruits is the same. These experiences will need to be repeated often in a concrete manner which enables the child to manipulate the items and become engaged in the process. More Pre-Number Activities Draw a number of circles (faces) and put down a number of buttons for eyes. Ask the child if there are enough eyes for the faces and how they can find out. Repeat this activity for mouths, noses etc. Speak in terms of more than and less than or as many as and how can we find out. Use stickers to make patterns on a page or classify them by attributes. Arrange a row of a set number of stickers, arrange a second row with more spaces between the stickers, ask the child if there are the same number of stickers or more or less. Ask how they can find out, but dont count. Match the stickers one to one. Arrange items on a tray (toothbrush, comb, spoon, etc.) ask the child to look away, rearrange the items to see if they realize the number of items is still the same or if they think its different. The Bottom Line You will have given young children a great start to mathematics if you perform the above activity suggestions before introducing your child to numbers. Its often difficult to find commercial activities to support classification, one-to-one matching, number conservation, conservation or as many as/more than/the same as concepts and you will probably need to rely on typical toys and household items. These concepts underlie the important mathematical concepts that children will eventually become involved in when they begin school.

Julius Caesar A World s Most Influential And Powerful...

Gaius Julius Caesar is considered to be one of the world’s most influential and powerful military and political leaders. Born into a wealthy and old aristocratic family on July 13 of the year 100, it was expected of Caesar to assume office in pursuit of an ordinary career in Roman politics. However, Caesar was not an ordinary person. Instead, he climbed up the political ladder by marrying into a wealthy family, assumed important military positions that heightened his status, and advocated for key social issues in service to the poor. Through these feats, Caesar was hailed as a hero by the common people of Rome and was declared dictator perpetual, dictator for life. However, this position did not make him popular in the Senate. The senators†¦show more content†¦In Twelve Caesars written by Greek biographer Plutarch, â€Å"As for the nobles, to some of them he promised consulships and praetorships ion the future, others he appeased with sundry other powers and honours, and in all he implanted hopes, since he ardently desired to rule over willing subjects.† Despite his efforts to satisfy the hierarchy of Rome, Caesar struggled to achieve more due to What’s more, he had â€Å"hoped to circumvent the roadblocks by attracting adherents from among novi homines, à ©quità ©s, municipal families, and men from the lower ranks of the aristocracy (Gruen 505). This was seen as a gross abuse of power by the oligarchy, who were unsettled by Caesar’s careless manner of giving away positions that were reserved for senators in the nobility. Perhaps the most open hatred towards him stemmed from his infatuation with power. Caesar accepted an excessive number of honours during his dictatorship: he was named consul for the next ten years; his birthday was made into a national holiday; and he was awarded the title of liberator. According to his contemporary Suetonius in his biography, Twelve Lives of Caesar, he wrote: â€Å"†¦[Caesar] also allowed honors to be bestowed on him which were too great for mortal man: a golden throne in the House and on the judgment seat; a chariot and litter in the procession at the circus; temples, altars, and statues beside those of the gods; a special priest, and additional collegeShow MoreRelatedJulius Caesar : The Dictator Of Rome1011 Words   |  5 Pages Julius Caesar was born in Rome, Italy c. July 12, 100 BCE (â€Å"Julius Caesar  Biography†). Although many despised him, he was still able to reach his highest potential and became the dictator of Rome. This was not done easily, rather Julius went through many tough battles and overcame many difficult obstacles to reach his highest potential of a dictator. Through his dictatorship, Caesar changed the course of history to what we know it is today. Young Julius came from very humble beginnings. He wasRead MoreEssay about Julius Caesar: The Spirit of Caesar619 Words   |  3 Pageseverything – now imagine Julius Caesar. It seems as though the last one doesn’t fit, does it? However, wasn’t Caesar one of the most influential people during the time of the Roman Empire AND didn’t he influence our world today? As well as in reality, in the play Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare, this man has a very interesting role. Despite the fact that he is immensely influential during his life, after his assassination it seems as though Caesar is still influential – or, more specificallyRead MoreThroughout The Course Of Society, Political Leaders And1775 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout the course of society, political leaders and individuals with authority have either led their followers to great success, or towards misery and tyranny. In society, great leaders have been able to not only change the landsca pe of the region they abide in, but ultimately change the viewpoints and understandings of individuals across the globe for the better. On the other hand, leaders with ill intentions have led their followers towards mischief and suppression of not only their physicalRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar1641 Words   |  7 Pages EZ Julius Caesar was a crucial political figure that saw the fall of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman empire. 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Galtung discusses most of the points that are crucial to this paper like the similar factors between empires and the current western imperialism and what the implications of these similarities are. Gilpin on the

The Development Of South Africa Essay - 878 Words

According to Farlam (2005) and Schà ¶nteich (2007, the South African government saw PPPs as a way to radically improve/enhance infrastructure and service delivery to its people and as a way to redress the inequalities that were evident. To this end, they appointed a task team to develop legislative, policy and a framework for PPPs (PPP Unit). As a result, a PPP Unit was established in National Treasury. Schà ¶nteich (2007) remarks that as a way of redressing inequalities and social imbalances, the PPP framework incorporates Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment (BBBEE) regulatory requirements to ensure that previously disadvantaged blacks participate in PPPs projects and this shows government’s sincerity and strong commitment to making PPPs work. South Africa has developed one of the most robust and comprehensive PPP legal frameworks in the SADC region (Levinsohn Reardon, 2007). 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The Revolutionary Era Introduction - Free Sample Solution

Questions: Imagine that you are selected as the screenwriter for a new Back to the Future film. Your sponsors ask that you select a modern figure from popular culture and send him or her back to the time of the American Revolution. Do not select a political figure for this Assignment. Part I: Introduce your individual. Who are they today? Why are you selecting this person for the Assignment? Give context for the person you have chosen, as people in the Revolutionary Era would not be familiar with this person. Part II: Next, put the person into the historical time. What role will they play in the events for example, a leader, a rebel, a supporter, an artist? You get to decide. How will your individual respond to the American Revolutionary efforts? You will write a short narrative of their adventures. This can be written as an essay, play, or short story. Answers: Part -1 Mr. Johnny Depp is a popular actor in today`s popular culture era. Mr. Johnny Depp is suitable for the role because he has this image of playing the role of people who have been in the past. His role in the movie Pirates of the Caribbean was well appraised. From the viewpoint of a screenwriter, he would very well suit the role of a revolutionary in the American Revolution era. The people of that era shall not recognize the actor as he is from today`s generation. Mr. Depp has a nature to see things on equal scales and is a very socially aware human being. The inner character of the actor would assist him a lot in bringing out the character in the film. The Screenplay: Part -2 The actor is a present day celebrity with a worldwide fan following. The actor enjoys his work and the fame that he has with him. He travels to global film festivals and is heartily welcome by the fans everywhere. He does not have time to go for adventures and spend some time alone in peace; the usual routine has put him into boredom. Therefore, the actor has decided to go to Japan for some adventures and sightseeing. On his way to Japan, on the flight he meets a Japanese Scientist who sits on a seat next to him. Since the journey was long and Mr. Depp has an interactive nature, so he starts talking to this man. The name of the scientist is Hoshino Nagakawa. They talk about World War 2 between Japan and America, and the American Revolution. Mr. Depp takes an inquisitive interest in knowing the viewpoint of an outsider on the revolution. Mr. Nagakawa says many a things, which our actor is unaware of, and there starts an argument between them. The scientist is a genius, who is presentl y working on a Time Machine and offers Mr. Depp to secretly go on an adventure to the past and see the history with his own eyes and realise the truth of the American Revolution. On reaching Japan Mr. Depp accompanies the scientist and his curiousness to know more makes him agree to travel on the time machine. After sitting inside the machine, within a flip of an eye blink he reaches in the year 1766. People on the road are staring weirdly towards him, as they were not acquainted of a man with such dress and hairstyle. The actor sees a huge protest against the British rule and the loyalist (Shea, 2011). There were remonstrations going on for the colonisation of the thirteen colonies, which would create the United States of America. Mr. Depp had never seen such cruelty and inequality in the American society before this. He decides to be a revolutionary and help the people. 1766: Taxes levied on the colonies In the year 1766, the British had imposed a huge tax on the colonies to raise revenues (Woodard, 2011). The revolutionaries protested in a huge mass as the taxes were high, they had already paid huge taxes, and 25000 soldiers fought the French (Moore, 2005). The Parliament had imposed a tax on the use of paper money. The sugar act took place after it, which imposed duties on many articles (Carlson, 2012). 1767: The Townshend Act The next year, the Townshend Act came into force, which imposed a huge tax on paper, glass and tea. There were many protests and bloodshed, as the British was very prejudiced. The demonstration went on and many innocents were killed (Allison, 2011). Mr. Depp sees a new world and forgets about his own life, which he used to live. As a revolutionary, he became very popular amongst the mass and an enemy of the British Empire. Year went by like this, America attains it freedom, and the formation of colonies takes place. The death of the martyrs created an ample amount of respect in the heart of Mr. Depp. He then returns to the present time. He was agitated, devastated but was happy that he could become a part of such a huge revolution he realises the true meaning of freedom, and feels that the present generation should not waste the sacrifice of the revolutionaries. Mr. Nagakawa feels happy to see Mr. Depp and realises that Mr. Depp has enjoyed a very long vacation and then he sends him back to that day when he had started his journey. Difference with today`s United States of America: In today`s modern America the situation is very different, people are free, the government of America is for the people, of the people and by the people. There is no injustice on the citizens and the nationals of other countries. References Allison, R. (2011).The American Revolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Black, J. (2011).Fighting for America. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. Carlson, D. (2012).Volunteers of America. Rotterdam: SensePublishers. Moore, C. (2005).Fighting for America. New York: One World. Shea, N. (2011).The American Revolution. New York: Gareth Stevens Pub. Woodard, C. (2011).American nations. New York: Viking.